California Issues Proposition 65 Fact Sheet on Nickel

The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) has issued an updated Proposition 65 Fact Sheet on Nickel and Nickel Compounds. This revision, effective February 2025, provides important information regarding the health risks associated with nickel exposure and offers guidance on minimizing those risks.

Health Risks of Nickel and Nickel Compounds

Nickel and certain nickel compounds are listed under California’s Proposition 65 as substances that can cause cancer and reproductive toxicity:

• Cancer Risk: Exposure to nickel and certain nickel compounds can increase the risk of cancer, specifically in the nasal cavity, sinuses, and lungs.
• Reproductive Toxicity: Some soluble nickel compounds and nickel carbonyl are known to harm reproductive health, potentially affecting fetal development and male reproductive systems.

Common Sources of Exposure

People may encounter nickel and its compounds in various environments:

• Inhalation: Workers in industries such as metal production, welding, or electroplating may inhale nickel-containing dust and fumes.
• Tobacco and Cannabis Smoke: Both tobacco and cannabis smoke may contain nickel, leading to inhalation exposure.
• Swallowing Dust: Nickel-contaminated dust can be ingested, particularly near industrial sites.
• Direct Contact: Nickel alloys in products like coins, batteries, and stainless steel can lead to skin contact, though normal handling of these materials typically doesn’t pose a significant risk.

Reducing Exposure

To minimize the risks associated with nickel exposure, the following steps are recommended:

• Avoid Smoking: Reduce exposure to tobacco and cannabis smoke, and avoid second-hand smoke.
• Proper Battery Disposal: Safely dispose of damaged or leaking nickel-cadmium batteries.
• Clean Regularly: Reduce exposure to nickel-containing dust by frequently washing hands, cleaning with a wet mop or HEPA vacuum, and wiping surfaces with a damp cloth.

For more details on Proposition 65 and the health risks of nickel, visit the OEHHA website